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Human performance and predictable limitations

Welcome to E7 — Human Factors

Learning objectives and six-hour pathway

People, tasks, equipment and environment

Perception is an interpretation

Attention, fixation and interruption

Memory, records and prospective tasks

Expectation and confirmation bias

Human-performance system diagram

Activity — build an error chain

Checkpoint — confirmation bias

Checkpoint — interruption recovery

Situational awareness, prioritisation and decisions

Situational awareness as a living picture

Build and maintain the traffic picture

Prioritisation under competing demand

Decision-making without operational overreach

A practical decision cycle

Loss of picture — cues and consequences

Recovering the picture

Situational-awareness cycle diagram

Activity — recover a degraded traffic picture

Checkpoint — situational awareness

Checkpoint — loss-of-picture response

Workload, fatigue, stress and fitness for duty

Workload is demand relative to capacity

Task management and workload shedding

Stress and performance

Fatigue and circadian disruption

Distraction, interruption and time pressure

Fitness for duty

Workload-performance diagram

Activity — prioritise the next 90 seconds

Checkpoint — workload management

Checkpoint — fatigue

Checkpoint — fitness for duty

Communication, teamwork and graded intervention

Communication is a safety loop

Barriers to effective communication

Briefings that create a shared model

Cross-check and mutual monitoring

Assertiveness and graded intervention

Handover is a transfer of understanding

Team communication diagram

Activity — briefing, handover and challenge

Checkpoint — handover

Checkpoint — graded intervention

Checkpoint — cross-check

Threat and error management and safety management

Threat and error management

Anticipate, trap and recover

Defences and error tolerance

Safety Management System foundations

Hazard identification and risk awareness

Safety assurance and continuous improvement

TEM and SMS defence diagram

Activity — threat, error and defence map

Checkpoint — TEM

Checkpoint — SMS

Checkpoint — hazard and risk

Reporting, just culture, ethics and integrated practice

Occurrence and hazard reporting

Just culture and accountability

Evidence preservation and factual discipline

Ethics, confidentiality and security-sensitive information

Case study — the concealed readback error

Integrated scenario — degradation under pressure

Integrated scenario — change, error and learning

Activity — personal and team safety plan

Rapid revision — the human-factors safety chain

Common traps and corrective habits

Final knowledge check — loss of picture

Final knowledge check — just culture

Final knowledge check — AFIS boundary

Completion and bridge to E8

A six-hour applied human-factors module for international AFISO learners, covering situational awareness, workload, fatigue, communication, teamwork, TEM, SMS, reporting, just culture and safe recovery within the AFIS role.

Learn how attention, workload, communication, teamwork and organisational defences shape safe AFIS performance—and how to recover when the operational picture begins to degrade.

E7 — Human Factors

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